JERUSALEM is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. It is one of the oldest cities in the world, and is considered holy to the three major Abrahamic religions - Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
   During its long history, JERUSALEM has been destroyed at least twice, besieged 23 times, captured and recaptured 44 times, and attacked 52 times.
   According to the BIBLE, KING DAVID conquered the city from the Jebusites and established it as the capital of the united kingdom of ISRAEL, and his son, KING SOLOMON, commissioned the building of the First Temple.
    Hatikva ("The Hope", in Hebrew) is the national anthem of ISRAEL, with lyrics written by NAFTALI HERZ IMBER in 1877, when he lived in IAȘI / ROMANIA, with Jew N.H. IMBER, on the music of SHMUEL COHEN (Samuil Kogan, 1870-1940), a young Jewish, originally from UNGHENI, BESARABIA, Romanian historical territory, after the Romanian song Cucuruz cu frunza-n sus (Wikipedia).